Aggression in Boat Builders: A Search for Altered Mood States in Boat Builders Exposed to Styrene

Published reviews and industrywide anecdotal reports have suggested an association between exposure to some volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and altered mood states. In this paper we report a unique study of boat-builders exposed to styrene. Two hundred and thirteen employees exposed to solvents and 144 who were not exposed completed questionnaires related to mood states. Additionally, for 23 of the 213 employees, the air concentrations of styrene were measured at their workplaces, and urinary concentrations of mandelic acid (a metabolite of styrene) were determined in order to assess biological exposure. Special features of this study included the use of the Prolife of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire and the availability of sound historical data. A weak association is demonstrated between styrene exposure and aggression/hostility. That this is found to be most marked in the earliest years of exposure suggests that selection characteristics might be a more important association than solvent exposure.