End-stage disease of native kidneys in a patient with biopsy-proven Arndt-Gottron scleromyxoedema and recurrence in the transplanted kidney

End-stage renal disease-stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD)-of the native kidneys, related to biopsy-proven Arndt-Gottron scleromyxoedema, developed in a male patient. From 1998 until 2001, the patient was treated by haemodialysis. In June 2001, cadaveric kidney transplantation was performed. In January 2004, a kidney biopsy was performed because of deteriorating renal function revealing relapse of scleromyxoedema with typical concentric narrowing of the arterioles due to accumulation of mucopolysaccharides with severe glomerular ischaemia. Arndt-Gottron scleromyxoedema is an as yet unsuspected cause of stage 5 CKD of the native kidneys. Moreover, the disease can relapse in the transplanted kidney, again leading to intractable transplant stage 5 CKD.