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Background and Aims Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a rare but severe complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Its prevalence, ranging from 0.7 to 3.3%, and its reported mortality is 25-55%. Post-transplantation encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (PT-EPS) usually occurs within two years from PD interruption due to kidney transplantation. Calcineurin inhibitors are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of PT-EPS. Method This is a retrospective, single-center study: all the patients who received PD for 2 or more months before kidney transplantation between 1979 and 2018 in our unit were enrolled. All PD patients diagnosed with EPS after transplantation were identified, and their data were compared with those of non-transplanted PD patients (NT-PD). Results Data from a total of 1014 PD patients were examined; 215 underwent kidney transplantation and 799 remained on PD. PT-EPS occurred in 5/215 patients (2.3%), a prevalence not significantly different from that of NT-PD (21/799= 2.6%; P = 0.39) (Table 1). Calcineurin inhibitors were administered to 178/215 (83%) patients without EPS and all 5 patients with PT-EPS (P = 0.68). Calcineurin inhibitors were associated with corticosteroids (41%), mycophenolate mofetil (34%), or both (42%). Inhibitors of mammalian targets of rapamycin were used in association with calcineurin inhibitors in 25%, with calcineurin inhibitors and steroids in 24% and steroids alone in 7%. Mortality due to PT-EPS was 4.3% vs 1.2% in NT-PD (P = 0.38) (Figure 1). Conclusion The prevalence of PT-EPS was similar to that of EPS in NT-PD. Therapy with calcineurin inhibitors did not appear to be a crucial risk key in the development of PT-EPS.

P1170ENCAPSULATING PERITONEAL SCLEROSIS: ARE CALCINEURIN INHIBITORS A RISK FOR PERITONEAL DIALYSIS PATIENTS UNDERGOING RENAL TRANSPLANTATION?