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The degradation of single-stranded (ss) oligonucleotides and their analogues in serum and within mammalian cells has been studied extensively because of the potential importance of antisense oligonucleotides as pharmaceutical agents (1-5) . Doublestranded (ds) oligonucleotides did not seem to be comparably useful, so little is known about their degradation. Recently, however, it has been shown that ds decoy DNA, that is, DNA containing the specific sequences recognized by transcription factors, can be used to block transcription (6—8) in much the same way that antisense oligonucleotides are used to inactivate RNA once it has been transcribed. Consequently, the stability of ds DNA in serum and inside cells is now of considerable interest. We have previously shown that transcription factors that bind to standard ds DNA bind with undiminished affinity to equivalent hairpin and dumbbell sequences (9). Since ds sequences in hairpin or dumbbell form cannot undergo strand separation, they should be advantageous as decoys. In this paper we compare the stabilities of each of these forms of ds DNA in human serum and HeLa cell nuclear extracts.

The stability of different forms of double-stranded decoy DNA in serum and nuclear extracts