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Mars is believed to have had a substantial atmosphere in the past.Atmospheric loss led to depressurization and cooling, and is thought to be theprimary driving force responsible for the loss of liquid water from itssurface. Recently, MAVEN observations have provided new insight into thephysics of atmospheric loss induced by ICMEs and solar wind interacting withthe Martian atmosphere. In addition to solar radiation, it is likely that itsatmosphere has been exposed to radiation bursts from high-energy astrophysicalsources which become highly probable on timescales of ~Gy and beyond. Thesesources are capable of significantly enhancing the rates of photoionization andcharged particle-induced ionization in the upper atmosphere. We use Monte Carlosimulations to model the interaction of charged particles and photons fromastrophysical sources in the upper Martian atmosphere and discuss itsimplications on atmospheric loss. Our calculations suggest that the passage ofthe solar system though dense interstellar clouds is the most significantcontributor to atmospheric loss among the sources considered here.

Did high-energy astrophysical sources contribute to Martian atmospheric loss?