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Nonlinear redshift-space distortion known as the Fingers-of-God (FoG) effectis a major systematic uncertainty in redshift-space distortion studiesconducted to test gravity models. The FoG effect has been usually attributed tothe random motion of galaxies inside their clusters. When the internal galaxymotion is not well virialized, however, the coherent infalling motion towardthe cluster center generates the FoG effect. Here we derive an analytical modelof the satellite velocity distribution due to the infall motion combined withthe random motion. We show that the velocity distribution becomes far fromMaxwellian when the infalling motion is dominant. We use simulated subhalocatalogs to find that the contribution of infall motion is important to massivesubhalos and that the velocity distribution has a top-hat like shape asexpected from our analytic model. We also study the FoG effect due to infallmotion on the redshift-space power spectrum. Using simulated mock samples ofluminous red galaxies constructed from halos and massive subhalos in N-bodysimulations, we show that the redshift-space power spectra can differ fromexpectations when the infall motion is ignored.

Fingers-of-God effect of infalling satellite galaxies