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The mechanism behind the launching of gamma-ray-burst (GRB) jets remainsdebated resulting in large uncertainty over the jet composition. Bothmagnetohydrodynamical and neutrino annihilation models have been proposed forthe energy extraction in a black hole/accretion-disc central engine. Inparticular, for the extreme accretion rates $\dot M\sim 0.1-1$~M$_\odot$s$^{-1}$ expected for bursts of duration $T\lesssim 100$~s, the disccan be an efficient neutrino emitter. Neutrino-antineutrino annihilationresults in an energy deposition rate at the jet that can, in principle, accountfor the burst's energetics. Recent discoveries of X-ray flares hours after theburst and of ultra-long GRBs suggest that GRB activity can last for $\sim10^4$~s or longer. These long-lived events have fluence similar to that ofclassical GRBs. In view of these findings, we re-evaluate the neutrinoannihilation model. We derive the maximum possible energy of a neutrino-poweredjet as a function of the burst duration and show that the available energydrops fast for longer bursts. For a standard choice of the parameters, themodel falls short by three to four orders of magnitude in explaining theobserved energetics of events that last longer than $\sim 10^3$~s.

Testing the neutrino annihilation model for launching GRB jets