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We investigate the relationship between the optical variability of galaxiesand their distances from the centre of the Virgo Cluster using PalomarTransient Factory data. We define the ratio between the standard deviation ofthe galaxy brightness and the mean value of the standard deviation as a measureof a galaxy's optical variability. A sample of 814 Virgo galaxies with 230263observations shows a monotonically decreasing trend of optical variability withincreasing clustercentric distance. The variability level inside the cluster is3.2$\sigma$ higher than the level outside. We fit the variability with a linearfunction and find that the data reject a distance-independent model. We examine217 background galaxies for comparison and find no significant trend in galaxyvariability. We assess the relation with Monte Carlo simulation by rebuildingthe brightness of each galaxy. The simulation shows a monotonically decreasingrelation for member galaxy variability and a distance-independent relation forbackground galaxies. Our result is consistent with the theory that the cold gasflowing inwards the cluster centre fuels AGN activity. This work is a newimplementation of the method using optical variability to investigate therelation between galaxies evolution and their environment.

Galaxy Optical Variability of Virgo Cluster: New Tracer for Environmental Influences on Galaxies