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Upcoming weak lensing surveys require a detailed theoretical understanding ofthe matter power spectrum in order to derive accurate and precise cosmologicalparameter values. While galaxy formation is known to play an important role,its precise effects are currently unknown. We present a set of 92 matter powerspectra from the OWLS, cosmo-OWLS and BAHAMAS simulation suites, includingdifferent $\Lambda$CDM cosmologies, neutrino masses, subgrid prescriptions andAGN feedback strengths. We conduct a detailed investigation of the dependenceof the relative difference between the total matter power spectra inhydrodynamical and collisionless simulations on the effectiveness of stellarand AGN feedback, cosmology and redshift. The strength of AGN feedback cangreatly affect the power on a range of scales, while a lack of stellar feedbackcan greatly increase the effectiveness of AGN feedback on large scales. We alsoexamine differences in the initial conditions of hydrodynamic and N-bodysimulations that can lead to a ~1% discrepancy in the large-scale power, andfurthermore show our results to be insensitive to cosmic variance. We presentan empirical model capable of predicting the effect of galaxy formation on thematter power spectrum at z=0 to within 1% for k<1 h/Mpc, given only the meanbaryon fraction in galaxy groups. Differences in group baryon fractions canalso explain the quantitative disagreement between predictions from theliterature. All total and dark matter only power spectra in this library willbe made publicly available at powerlib.strw.leidenuniv.nl.

Exploring the effects of galaxy formation on matter clustering through a library of simulation power spectra