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A multi-epoch X-ray spectral and variability analysis is conducted for thenarrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) active galactic nucleus (AGN) Mrk 478. Allavailable X-ray data from XMM-Newton and Suzaku satellites, spanning from 2001to 2017, are modelled with a variety of physical models including partialcovering, soft-Comptonisation, and blurred reflection, to explain the observedspectral shape and variability over the 16 years. All models are a similarstatistical fit to the data sets, though the analysis of the variabilitybetween data sets favours the blurred reflection model. In particular, thevariability can be attributed to changes in flux of the primary coronalemission. Different reflection models fit the data equally well, but differ ininterpretation. The use of reflionx predicts a low disc ionisation and powerlaw dominated spectrum, while relxill predicts a highly ionised and blurredreflection dominated spectrum. A power law dominated spectrum might be moreconsistent with the normal X-ray-to-UV spectral shape (aox). Both blurredreflection models suggest a rapidly spinning black hole seen at a lowinclination angle, and both require a sub-solar (~0.5) abundance of iron. Allphysical models require a narrow emission feature at 6.7 keV likelyattributable to Fe xxv emission, while no evidence for a narrow 6.4 keV linefrom neutral iron is detected.

Multi-epoch X-ray spectral analysis of the narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk 478