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To advance our understanding of the fuelling and feedback processes whichpower the Universe's most massive black holes, we require a significantincrease in our knowledge of the molecular gas which exists in their immediatesurroundings. However, the behaviour of this gas is poorly understood due tothe difficulties associated with observing it directly. We report on a surveyof 18 brightest cluster galaxies lying in cool cores, from which we detectmolecular gas in the core regions of eight via carbon monoxide (CO), cyanide(CN) and silicon monoxide (SiO) absorption lines. These absorption lines areproduced by cold molecular gas clouds which lie along the line of sight to thebright continuum sources at the galaxy centres. As such, they can be used todetermine many properties of the molecular gas which may go on to fuelsupermassive black hole accretion and AGN feedback mechanisms. The absorptionregions detected have velocities ranging from -45 to 283 km s$^{-1}$ relativeto the systemic velocity of the galaxy, and have a bias for motion towards thehost supermassive black hole. We find that the CN N = 0 - 1 absorption linesare typically 10 times stronger than those of CO J = 0 - 1. This is due to thehigher electric dipole moment of the CN molecule, which enhances its absorptionstrength. In terms of molecular number density CO remains the more prevalentmolecule with a ratio of CO/CN $\sim 10$, similar to that of nearby galaxies.Comparison of CO, CN and HI observations for these systems shows many differentcombinations of these absorption lines being detected.

monthly notices of the royal astronomical society

Constraining cold accretion onto supermassive black holes: molecular gas  in the cores of eight brightest cluster galaxies revealed by joint CO and CN  absorption