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We investigate Extremely Red Quasars (ERQs), a remarkable population ofheavily-reddened quasars at redshift z$\sim$2 - 3 that might be caught during ashort-lived 'blow-out' phase of quasar/galaxy evolution. We perform a near-IRobservational campaign using Keck/NIRSPEC, VLT/X-shooter and Gemini/GNIRS tomeasure rest-frame optical spectra of 28 ERQs with median infrared luminosity$\langle$log L(erg/s)$\rangle$ $\sim$46.2. They exhibit the broadest and mostblue-shifted [OIII] $\lambda$4959,5007 emission lines ever reported, withwidths (w90) ranging between 2053 and 7227 km/s, and maximum outflow speeds(v98) up to 6702 km/s. ERQs on average have [OIII] outflows velocities about 3times larger than those of luminosity-matched blue quasar samples. We show thatthe faster [OIII] outflows in ERQs are strongly correlated with their extremered colors and not with radio-loudness, larger quasar luminosities, nor higherEddington ratios. We estimate for these objects that at least 3-5 per cent oftheir bolometric luminosity is being converted into the kinetic power of theobserved wind. Our results reveal that ERQs have the potential to stronglyaffect the evolution of host galaxies.

ERQs are the BOSS of Quasar Samples: The Highest-Velocity [OIII] Quasar Outflows