English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

We implement a detailed dust model into the L-Galaxies semi-analytical modelwhich includes: injection of dust by type II and type Ia supernovae (SNe) andAGB stars; grain growth in molecular clouds; and destruction due tosupernova-induced shocks, star formation, and reheating. Our grain growth modelfollows the dust content in molecular clouds and the inter-cloud mediumseparately, and allows growth only on pre-existing dust grains. At early times,this can make a significant difference to the dust growth rate. Above $z\sim8$,type II SNe are the primary source of dust, whereas below $z\sim8$, graingrowth in molecular clouds dominates, with the total dust content beingdominated by the latter below $z\sim6$. However, the detailed history of galaxyformation is important for determining the dust content of any individualgalaxy. We introduce a fit to the dust-to-metal (DTM) ratio as a function ofmetallicity and age, which can be used to deduce the DTM ratio of galaxies atany redshift. At $z\lesssim3$, we find a fairly flat mean relation betweenmetallicity and the DTM, and a positive correlation between metallicity and thedust-to-gas (DTG) ratio, in good agreement with the shape and normalisation ofthe observed relations. We also match the normalisation of the observed stellarmass -- dust mass relation over the redshift range of $0-4$, and to the dustmass function at $z=0$. Our results are important in interpreting observationson the dust content of galaxies across cosmic time, particularly so at highredshift.

Detailed dust modelling in the L-Galaxies semi-analytic model of galaxy formation