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Understanding how baryonic processes shape the intracluster medium (ICM) isof critical importance to the next generation of galaxy cluster surveys.However, most models of structure formation neglect potentially importantphysical processes, like anisotropic thermal conduction (ATC). In this letter,we explore the impact of ATC on the prevalence of cool-cores (CCs) using 12pairs of magnetohydrodynamical galaxy cluster simulations, simulated using theIllustrisTNG model with and without ATC. Although the impact of ATC varies fromcluster to cluster and with CC criterion, its inclusion produces a systematicshift to larger CC fractions at z = 0 for all CC criteria considered.Additionally, the inclusion of ATC yields a flatter CC fraction redshiftevolution, easing the tension with the observed evolution. With ATC included,the energy required for the central black hole to achieve self-regulation isreduced and the gas fraction in the cluster core increases, resulting in largerCC fractions. ATC makes the ICM unstable to perturbations and the increasedefficiency of AGN feedback suggests that its inclusion results in a greaterlevel of mixing in the ICM. Therefore, ATC is potentially an important physicalprocess in reproducing the thermal structure of the ICM.

Enhancing AGN efficiency and cool-core formation with anisotropic thermal conduction