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The formation and assembly process of massive galaxies is a combination oftwo phases: an initial in-situ-dominated one followed by an ex-situ-dominatedevolution. Separating these two contributions is therefore crucial tounderstand the baryonic cycle within massive halos. A recently discoveredpopulation of so-called naked red nuggets, galaxies that shortcut the ex-situstage preserving their pristine properties, presents a unique opportunity tostudy in detail star formation in massive galaxies without the confoundingeffect of later accretion. We investigate the spatially resolved star formationhistories of a sample of 12 naked red nuggets. We measure how their radiallight distributions, star formation rates and central densities evolved intime. We find that, while forming stars, red nuggets become gradually moreconcentrated, reaching a maximum concentration at quenching. After beingquenched, they kept forming stars in a more disky-like configuration. Ourmeasurements suggest that super-massive black holes and host galaxies growtheir mass in a self-regulated way until a characteristic Mbh/Mhalo is reached.Once black holes are massive enough, red nuggets get quenched and depart fromthe star formation main sequence. While in the main sequence, red nuggetsevolve at roughly constant star formation rate. This can explain up to ~0.3 dexof the scatter of the star formation main sequence, as well as its highernormalization observed in the early Universe. Hence, our results suggest thatthe main sequence is composed of populations of galaxies at differentevolutionary stages, and that the scatter is therefore due to secularprocesses.

Star formation quenching imprinted on the internal structure of naked red nuggets