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Recent studies of merging black holes suggest that the cosmological massfraction of primordial black holes (PBHs) is not completely negligible. Themass of a PBH can be as massive as an intermediate mass black hole (IMBH). Inthis article, we assume that dark matter particles are thermal relic particlesand they can self-annihilate. The dark matter around an IMBH may have formed adensity spike so that the rate of dark matter annihilation would be greatlyenhanced. Using the gamma-ray data of the Fornax cluster and assuming mergingevents in the cluster are not important, we show that the amount of IMBHs(including PBHs) is very sub-dominant compared with the amount of baryons anddark matter. The upper limit on the IMBH-to-baryon ratio is $\sim 7\times10^{-4}$ for $m_{\rm DM} \le 10$ TeV.

Constraining the population of intermediate mass black holes by gamma-ray data of the Fornax cluster