English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

In hierarchical triple systems, the inner binary is perturbed by a distantcompanion. For large mutual inclinations, the Lidov-Kozai mechanism secularlyexcites large eccentricity and inclination oscillations of the inner binary.The maximal eccentricity attained, $e_{\rm max}$ is simply derived and widelyused. However, for mildly hierarchical systems (i.e. the companion isrelatively close and massive), non-secular perturbations affect the evolution.Here we account for fast non-secular variations and find new analytic formulafor $e_{{\rm max}}$, in terms of the system's hierarchy level, correctingprevious work and reproducing the orbital flip criteria. We find that $e_{{\rmmax}}$ is generally enhanced, allowing closer encounters between the innerbinary components, thus significantly changing their interaction and its finaloutcome. We then extend our approach to include additional relativistic andtidal forces. Using our results, we show that the merger time ofgravitational-wave (GW) sources orbiting massive black-holes in galactic nucleiis enhanced compared with previous analysis accounting only for the secularregime. Consequently, this affects the distribution and rates of such GWsources in the relevant mild-hierarchy regime. We test and confirm ourpredictions with direct N-body and 2.5-level Post-Newtonian codes. Finally, wecalculate the formation and disruption rates of hot-Jupiters (HJ) in planetarysystems using a statistical approach, which incorporates our novel results for$e_{{\rm max}}$. We find that more HJ migrate from further out, but they arealso tidally disrupted more frequently. Remarkably, the overall formation rateof HJs remains similar to that found in previous studies. Nevertheless, thedifferent rates could manifest in different underlying distribution of observedwarm-Jupiters.

Quasi-secular evolution of mildly hierarchical triple systems: analytics and applications for GW-sources and hot Jupiters