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Recent observations of several protoplanetary discs have found evidence ofdepartures from flat, circular motion in the inner regions of the disc. Onepossible explanation for these observations is a disc warp, which could beinduced by a planet on a misaligned orbit. We present three-dimensionalnumerical simulations of the tidal interaction between a protoplanetary discand a misaligned planet. For low planet masses we show that our simulationsaccurately model the evolution of inclined planet orbit (up to moderateinclinations). For a planet massive enough to carve a gap, the disc isseparated into two components and the gas interior and exterior to the planetorbit evolve separately, forming an inner and outer disc. Due to theinclination of the planet, a warp develops across the planet orbit such thatthere is a relative tilt and twist between these discs. We show that when otherparameters are held constant, the relative inclination that develops betweenthe inner and outer disc depends on the outer radius of the total discmodelled. For a given disc mass, our results suggest that the observationalrelevance of the warp depends more strongly on the mass of the planet ratherthan the inclination of the orbit.

Warping a protoplanetary disc with a planet on an inclined orbit