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Ultraluminous pulsars are a definite proof that persistent super-Eddingtonaccretion occurs in nature. They support the scenario according to which mostUltraluminous X-ray Sources (ULXs) are super-Eddington accretors of stellarmass rather than sub-Eddington intermediate mass black holes. An importantprediction of theories of supercritical accretion is the existence of powerfuloutflows of moderately ionized gas at mildly relativistic speeds. In practice,the spectral resolution of X-ray gratings such as RGS onboard XMM-Newton isrequired to resolve their observational signatures in ULXs. Using RGS, outflowshave been discovered in the spectra of 3 ULXs (none of which are currentlyknown to be pulsars). Most recently, the fourth ultraluminous pulsar wasdiscovered in NGC 300. Here we report detection of an ultrafast outflow (UFO)in the X-ray spectrum of the object, with a significance of more than3{\sigma}, during one of the two simultaneous observations of the source byXMM-Newton and NuSTAR in December 2016. The outflow has a projected velocity of65000 km/s (0.22c) and a high ionisation factor with a log value of 3.9. Thisis the first direct evidence for a UFO in a neutron star ULX and also the firsttime that this its evidence in a ULX spectrum is seen in both soft and hardX-ray data simultaneously. We find no evidence of the UFO during the otherobservation of the object, which could be explained by either clumpy nature ofthe absorber or a slight change in our viewing angle of the accretion flow.

Evidence for a Variable Ultrafast Outflow in the Newly Discovered Ultraluminous Pulsar NGC 300 ULX-1