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Dwarf carbon stars make up the largest fraction of carbon stars in the Galaxywith around 1200 candidates known to date primarily from the Sloan Digital SkySurvey. They either possess primordial carbon-enhancements, or are polluted bymass transfer from an evolved companion such that C/O is enhanced beyond unity.To directly test the binary hypothesis, a radial velocity monitoring survey hasbeen carried out on 28 dwarf carbon stars, resulting in the detection ofvariations in 21 targets. Using Monte Carlo simulations, this detectionfraction is found to be consistent with a 100% binary population and orbitalperiods on the order of hundreds of days. This result supports the post-masstransfer nature of dwarf carbon stars, and implies they are not likely hosts tocarbon planets.

Dwarf carbon stars are likely metal-poor binaries and unlikely hosts to carbon planets