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Asteroids that are targets of spacecraft missions are interesting becausethey present us with an opportunity to validate ground-based spectralobservations. One such object is near-Earth asteroid (NEA) (162173) Ryugu,which is the target of the Japanese Space Agency's (JAXA) Hayabusa2 samplereturn mission. We observed Ryugu using the 3-m NASA Infrared TelescopeFacility (IRTF) on Mauna Kea, Hawaii, on July 13, 2016 to constrain theobject's surface composition, meteorite analogs, and link to other asteroids inthe main belt and NEA populations. We also modeled its photometric propertiesusing archival data. Using the Lommel-Seeliger model we computed the predictedflux for Ryugu at a wide range of viewing geometries as well as albedoquantities such as geometric albedo, phase integral, and spherical Bond albedo.Our computed albedo quantities are consistent with results from Ishiguro et al.(2014). Our spectral analysis has found a near-perfect match between ourspectrum of Ryugu and those of NEA (85275) 1994 LY and Mars-crossing asteroid(316720) 1998 BE7, suggesting that their surface regoliths have similarcomposition. We compared Ryugu's spectrum with that of main belt asteroid (302)Clarissa, the largest asteroid in the Clarissa asteroid family, suggested as apossible source of Ryugu by Campins et al. (2013). We found that the spectrumof Clarissa shows significant differences with our spectrum of Ryugu, but it issimilar to the spectrum obtained by Moskovitz et al. (2013). The best possiblemeteorite analogs for our spectrum of Ryugu are two CM2 carbonaceouschondrites, Mighei and ALH83100.

monthly notices of the royal astronomical society

Ground-based Characterization of Hayabusa2 Mission Target Asteroid  162173 Ryugu: Constraining Mineralogical Composition in Preparation for  Spacecraft Operations