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We adopt and analyze results on the incidence and physical properties ofdamped Ly$\alpha$ systems (DLAs) to predict the astrophysical impact of gas ingalaxies on observations of Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs). Three DLA measures formthe basis of this analysis: (i) the HI column density distribution,parameterized as a double power-law; (ii) the incidence of DLAs with redshift(derived here), $\ell(z)=A+B \arctan(z-C)$ with $A=0.236_{-0.021}^{+0.016},B=0.168_{-0.017}^{+0.010}, C=2.87_{-0.13}^{+0.17}$ and (iii) the electrondensity, parameterized as a log-normal deviate with mean $10^{-2.6} cm^{-3}$and dispersion 0.3dex. Synthesizing these results, we estimate that the averagerest-frame dispersion measure from the neutral medium of a single, intersectinggalaxy is DM$^{NM}_{DLA}=0.25$ pc/cm^3. Analysis of AlIII and CII* absorptionlimits the putative warm ionized medium to contributeDM$^{WIM}_{DLA}<20$pc/cm^3. Given the low incidence of DLAs, we find that apopulation of FRBs at z=2 will incur DM(z=2)=0.01 pc/cm^3 on average, with a99% c.l. upper bound of 0.22 pc/cm^3. Assuming that turbulence of the ISM inexternal galaxies is qualitatively similar to our Galaxy, we estimate that theangular broadening of an FRB by intersecting galaxies is negligible($\theta<0.1$mas). The temporal broadening is also predicted to be small, $\tau\approx 0.3$ms for a z=1 galaxy intersecting a z=2 FRB for an observingfrequency of $\nu=1$GHz. Even with $\nu=600$MHz, the fraction of sightlinesbroadened beyond 25ms is only approximately 0.1%. We conclude that gas withinthe ISM of intervening galaxies has a minor effect on the detection of FRBs andtheir resultant DM distributions. Download the repository athttps://github.com/FRBs/FRB to repeat and extend the calculations presentedhere.

The Astrophysical Consequences of Intervening Galaxy Gas on Fast Radio Bursts