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(349) Dembowska, a large, bright main-belt asteroid, has a fast rotation andoblique spin axis. It may have experienced partial melting and differentiation.We constrain Dembowska's thermophysical properties, e.g., thermal inertia,roughness fraction, geometric albedo and effective diameter within 3$\sigma$uncertainty of $\Gamma=20^{+12}_{-7}\rm~Jm^{-2}s^{-0.5}K^{-1}$, $f_{\rmr}=0.25^{+0.60}_{-0.25}$, $p_{\rm v}=0.309^{+0.026}_{-0.038}$, and $D_{\rmeff}=155.8^{+7.5}_{-6.2}\rm~km$, by utilizing the Advanced Thermophysical Model(ATPM) to analyse four sets of thermal infrared data obtained by IRAS, AKARI,WISE and Subaru/COMICS at different epochs. In addition, by modeling thethermal lightcurve observed by WISE, we obtain the rotational phases of eachdataset. These rotationally resolved data do not reveal significant variationsof thermal inertia and roughness across the surface, indicating the surface ofDembowska should be covered by a dusty regolith layer with few rocks orboulders. Besides, the low thermal inertia of Dembowska show no significantdifference with other asteroids larger than 100 km, indicating the dynamicallives of these large asteroids are long enough to make the surface to havesufficiently low thermal inertia. Furthermore, based on the derived surfacethermophysical properties, as well as the known orbital and rotationalparameters, we can simulate Dembowska's surface and subsurface temperaturethroughout its orbital period. The surface temperature varies from $\sim40$ Kto $\sim220$ K, showing significant seasonal variation, whereas the subsurfacetemperature achieves equilibrium temperature about $120\sim160$ K below$30\sim50$ cm depth.

Thermophysical characteristics of the large main-belt asteroid (349) Dembowska