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Long-duration, spectrally-soft Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are associated withType Ic Core Collapse (CC) Supernovae (SNe), and thus arise from the death ofmassive stars. In the collapsar model, the jet launched by the central enginemust bore its way out of the progenitor star before it can produce a GRB. Mostof these jets do not break out, and are instead "choked" inside the star, asthe central-engine activity time, $t_{\rm e}$, is not long enough. Modellingthe long-soft GRB duration distribution assuming a power-law distribution fortheir central-engine activity times, $\propto t_{\rm e}^{-\alpha}$ for $t_{\rme}>t_{\rm b}$, we find a steep distribution ($\alpha\sim4$) and a typical GRBjet breakout time of $t_{\rm b}\sim 60\text{ s}$ in the star's frame. Thelatter suggests the presence of a low-density, extended envelope surroundingthe progenitor star, similar to that previously inferred for low-luminosityGRBs. Extrapolating the range of validity of this power law below what isdirectly observable, to $t_{\rm e}<t_{\rm b}$, by only a factor of $\sim$4-5produces enough events to account for all Type Ib/c SNe. Such extrapolation isnecessary to avoid fine-tuning the distribution of central engine activitytimes with the breakout time, which are presumably unrelated. We speculate thatcentral engines launching relativistic jets may operate in all Type Ib/c SNe.In this case, the existence of a common central engine would imply that (i) thejet may significantly contribute to the energy of the SN; (ii) variousobservational signatures, like the asphericity of the explosion, could bedirectly related to jet's interaction with the star.

A Common Central Engine for Long Gamma Ray Bursts and Type Ib/c Supernovae?