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In this article, we derive and compute the sensitivity of measurements ofcoupling between normal modes of oscillation in the Sun to underlying flows.The theory is based on first-Born perturbation theory, and the analysis iscarried out using the formalism described by \citet{lavely92}. Albeit tedious,we detail the derivation and compute the sensitivity of specific pairs ofcoupled normal modes to anomalies in the interior. Indeed, these kernels arecritical for the accurate inference of convective flow amplitudes andlarge-scale circulations in the solar interior. We resolve some inconsistenciesin the derivation of \citet{lavely92} and reformulate the fluid-continuitycondition. We also derive and compute sound-speed kernels, paving the way forinverting for thermal anomalies alongside flows.

Sensitivity of Helioseismic Measurements of Normal-mode Coupling to Flows and Sound-speed Perturbations