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[abridged] We present an anisotropic analysis of the baryonic acousticoscillation (BAO) scale in the twelfth and final data release of the BaryonicOscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS). We independently analyse the LOWZ andCMASS galaxy samples: the LOWZ sample contains contains 361 762 galaxies withan effective redshift of $z_{\rm LOWZ}=0.32$; the CMASS sample consists of 777202 galaxies with an effective redshift of $z_{\rm CMASS}=0.57$. We extract theBAO peak position from the monopole power spectrum moment, $\alpha_0$, and fromthe $\mu^2$ moment, $\alpha_2$, where $\mu$ is the cosine of the angle to theline-of-sight. The $\mu^2$-moment provides equivalent information to thatavailable in the quadrupole but is simpler to analyse. After applying areconstruction algorithm to reduce the BAO suppression by bulk motions, wemeasure the BAO peak position in the monopole and $\mu^2$-moment, which arerelated to radial and angular shifts in scale. We report $H(z_{\rmLOWZ})r_s(z_d)=(11.60\pm0.60)\cdot10^3 {\rm km}s^{-1}$ and $D_A(z_{\rmLOWZ})/r_s(z_d)=6.66\pm0.16$ with a cross-correlation coefficient of$r_{HD_A}=0.41$, for the LOWZ sample; and $H(z_{\rmCMASS})r_s(z_d)=(14.56\pm0.37)\cdot10^3 {\rm km}s^{-1}$ and $D_A(z_{\rmCMASS})/r_s(z_d)=9.42\pm0.13$ with a cross-correlation coefficient of$r_{HD_A}=0.47$, for the CMASS sample. We combine these results with themeasurements of the BAO peak position in the monopole and quadrupolecorrelation function of the same dataset \citep[][companionpaper]{Cuestaetal2015} and report the consensus values: $H(z_{\rmLOWZ})r_s(z_d)=(11.63\pm0.69)\cdot10^3 {\rm km}s^{-1}$ and $D_A(z_{\rmLOWZ})/r_s(z_d)=6.67\pm0.15$ with $r_{HD_A}=0.35$ for the LOWZ sample;$H(z_{\rm CMASS})r_s(z_d)=(14.67\pm0.42)\cdot10^3 {\rm km}s^{-1}$ and$D_A(z_{\rm CMASS})/r_s(z_d)=9.47\pm0.12$ with $r_{HD_A}=0.52$ for the CMASSsample.

monthly notices of the royal astronomical society

The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation  Spectroscopic Survey: BAO measurement from the LOS-dependent power spectrum  of DR12 BOSS galaxies