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As both simulations and observations reach the resolution of the star-formingmolecular clouds, it becomes important to clarify if these two techniques arediscussing the same objects in galaxies. We compare clouds formed in a highresolution galaxy simulation identified as continuous structures within acontour, in the simulator's position-position-position (PPP) co-ordinate spaceand the observer's position-position-velocity space (PPV). Results indicatethat the properties of the cloud populations are similar in both methods and upto 70% of clouds have a single counterpart in the opposite data structure.Comparing individual clouds in a one-to-one match reveals a scatter inproperties mostly within a factor of two. However, the small variations inmass, radius and velocity dispersion produce significant differences in derivedquantities such as the virial parameter. This makes it difficult to determineif a structure is truely gravitationally bound. The three cloud typesoriginally found in the simulation in Fujimoto et al. (2014) are identified inboth data sets, with around 80% of the clouds retaining their type betweenidentification methods. We also compared our results when using a peakdecomposition method to identify clouds in both PPP and PPV space. The numberof clouds increased with this technique, but the overall cloud propertiesremained similar. However, the more crowded environment lowered the ability tomatch clouds between techniques to 40%. The three cloud types also becameharder to separate, especially in the PPV data set. The method used for cloudidentification therefore plays a critical role in determining cloud properties,but both PPP and PPV can potentially identify the same structures.

What is a GMC? Are Observers and Simulators Discussing the Same Star-forming Clouds?