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We present a one per cent measurement of the cosmic distance scale from thedetections of the baryon acoustic oscillations in the clustering of galaxiesfrom the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS), which is part of theSloan Digital Sky Survey III (SDSS-III). Our results come from the Data Release11 (DR11) sample, containing nearly one million galaxies and coveringapproximately $8\,500$ square degrees and the redshift range $0.2<z<0.7$. Wealso compare these results with those from the publicly released DR9 and DR10samples. Assuming a concordance $\Lambda$CDM cosmological model, the DR11sample covers a volume of 13\,Gpc${}^3$ and is the largest region of theUniverse ever surveyed at this density. We measure the correlation function andpower spectrum, including density-field reconstruction of the baryon acousticoscillation (BAO) feature. The acoustic features are detected at a significanceof over $7\,\sigma$ in both the correlation function and power spectrum.Fitting for the position of the acoustic features measures the distancerelative to the sound horizon at the drag epoch, $r_d$, which has a value of$r_{d,{\rm fid}}=149.28\,$Mpc in our fiducial cosmology. We find$D_V=(1264\pm25\,{\rm Mpc})(r_d/r_{d,{\rm fid}})$ at $z=0.32$ and$D_V=(2056\pm20\,{\rm Mpc})(r_d/r_{d,{\rm fid}})$ at $z=0.57$. At 1.0 per cent,this latter measure is the most precise distance constraint ever obtained froma galaxy survey. Separating the clustering along and transverse to theline-of-sight yields measurements at $z=0.57$ of $D_A=(1421\pm20\,{\rmMpc})(r_d/r_{d,{\rm fid}})$ and $H=(96.8\pm3.4\,{\rm km/s/Mpc})(r_{d,{\rmfid}}/r_d)$. Our measurements of the distance scale are in good agreement withprevious BAO measurements and with the predictions from cosmic microwavebackground data for a spatially flat cold dark matter model with a cosmologicalconstant.

monthly notices of the royal astronomical society

The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation  Spectroscopic Survey: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations in the Data Release 10 and  11 galaxy samples