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[abridged] The mass-size relation of early-type galaxies (ETGs) has beenlargely studied in the last years to probe the mass assembly of the mostmassive objects in the Universe. In this paper, we focus on the mass-sizerelation of quiescent massive ETGs (Mstar/Msol > 3*10^10) living in massiveclusters (M200 ~ 10^14 Mstar) at 0.8< z <1.5, as compared to those living inthe field at the same epoch. Our sample contains ~ 400 ETGs in clusters and thesame number in the field. Therefore, our sample is approximately an order ofmagnitude larger than previous studies in the same redshift range for galaxyclusters. We find that ETGs living in clusters are between ~30-50% larger thangalaxies with the same stellar mass residing in the field. We parametrize thesize using the mass-normalized size, gamma=Re/Mstar^0.57. The gammadistributions in both environments peak at the same position but thedistributions in clusters are more skewed towards larger sizes. Since this sizedifference is not observed in the local Universe, the size evolution at fixedstellar mass from z~1.5 of cluster galaxies is less steep ((1+z)-0.53pm0.04)than the evolution of field galaxies ((1+z)-0.92pm0.04).  The size difference seems to be essentially driven by the galaxies residingin the clusters cores (R<0.5*R200). If part of the size evolution is due tomergers, the difference we see between cluster and field galaxies could be dueto higher merger rates in clusters at higher redshift, probably during theformation phase of the clusters when velocity dispersions are lower. We cannotexclude however that the difference is driven by newly quenched galaxies whichare quenched more efficiently in clusters. The implications of these resultsfor the hierarchical growth of ETGs will be discussed in a companion paper.

Larger sizes of massive quiescent early-type galaxies in clusters than in the field at 0.8 < z < 1.5