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Type Ia supernovae have been proposed to be much better distance indicatorsat near-infrared compared to optical wavelengths -- the effect of dustextinction is expected to be lower and it has been shown that SNe Ia behavemore like `standard candles' at NIR wavelengths. To better understand thephysical processes behind this increased uniformity, we have studied the $Y$,$J$ and $H$-filter light curves of 91 SNe Ia from the literature. We show thatthe phases and luminosities of the first maximum in the NIR light curves areextremely uniform for our sample. The phase of the second maximum, thelate-phase NIR luminosity and the optical light curve shape are found to bestrongly correlated, in particular more luminous SNe Ia reach the secondmaximum in the NIR filters at a later phase compared to fainter objects. Wealso find a strong correlation between the phase of the second maximum and theepoch at which the SN enters the Lira law phase in its optical colour curve(epochs $\sim$ 15 to 30 days after $B$ band maximum). The decline rate afterthe second maximum is very uniform in all NIR filters. We suggest that theseobservational parameters are linked to the nickel and iron mass in theexplosion, providing evidence that the amount of nickel synthesised in theexplosion is the dominating factor shaping the optical and NIR appearance ofSNe Ia.

Near-infrared light curves of Type Ia supernovae: Studying the properties of the second maximum