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Viscosity is discussed in multicomponent partially and fully ionized plasma,and its effects on two very different waves (Alfven and Langmuir) in solaratmosphere. A full set of viscosity coefficients is presented which includescoefficients for electrons, protons and hydrogen atoms. These are applied tolayers with mostly magnetized protons in solar chromosphere where the Alfvenwave could in principle be expected. The viscosity coefficients are calculatedand presented graphically for the altitudes between 700 and 2200 km, andrequired corresponding cross sections for various types of collisions are givenin terms of altitude. It is shown that in chromosphere the viscosity plays norole for the Alfven wave, which is only strongly affected by ion friction withneutrals. In corona, assuming the magnetic field of a few Gauss, the Alfvenwave is more affected by ion viscosity than by ion-electron friction only forwavelengths shorter that 1-30 km, dependent on parameters and assuming theperturbed magnetic field of one percent of its equilibrium value. For theLangmuir wave the viscosity-friction interplay in chromosphere is shown to bedependent on altitude and on wavelengths. In corona the viscosity is the maindissipative mechanism acting on the Langmuir mode.

Viscosity effects on waves in partially and fully ionized plasma in magnetic field