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We present measurements of the anisotropic galaxy clustering from the DataRelease 9 (DR9) CMASS sample of the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation SpectroscopicSurvey (BOSS). We analyze the broad-range shape of the monopole and quadrupolecorrelation functions to obtain constraints, at the effective redshift $z=0.57$of the sample, on the Hubble expansion rate $H(z)$, the angular-diameterdistance $D_A(z)$, the normalized growth rate $f(z)\sigma_8(z)$, the physicalmatter density $\Omega_m h^2$, and the biased amplitude of matter fluctuationb\sigma_8(z). We obtain {$H(0.57)$, $D_A(0.57)$, $f(0.57)\sigma_8(0.57)$,$\Omega_m h^2$, $b\sigma_8(0.57)$} = {$87.6_{-6.8}^{+6.7}$, $1396\pm73$,$0.126_{-0.010}^{+0.008}$, $1.19\pm0.14$, $0.428\pm0.066$} and their covariancematrix as well. The parameters which are not well constrained by our of galaxyclustering analysis are marginalized over with wide flat priors. Since nopriors from other data sets (i.e., CMB) are adopted and no dark energy modelsare assumed, our results from BOSS CMASS galaxy clustering alone may becombined with other data sets, i.e. CMB, SNe, lensing or other galaxyclustering data to constrain the parameters of a given cosmological model. Weshow that the major power on constraining dark energy from the anisotropicgalaxy clustering signal, as compared to the angular-averaged one (monopole),arises from including the normalized growth rate $f(z)\sigma_8(z)$. In the caseof the wCDM cosmological model our single-probe CMASS constraints, combinedwith CMB (WMAP9+SPT), yield a value for the dark energy equation of stateparameter of $w=-0.90\pm0.11$. Therefore, it is important to include$f(z)\sigma_8(z)$ while investigating the nature of dark energy with currentand upcoming large-scale galaxy surveys.

monthly notices of the royal astronomical society

The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation  Spectroscopic Survey: single-probe measurements and the strong power of  normalized growth rate on constraining dark energy