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We measure the sum of the neutrino particle masses using thethree-dimensional galaxy power spectrum of the SDSS-III Baryon OscillationSpectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Data Release 9 (DR9) CMASS galaxy sample. Combinedwith the cosmic microwave background (CMB), supernova (SN) and additionalbaryonic acoustic oscillation (BAO) data, we find upper 95 percent confidencelimits of the neutrino mass $\Sigma m_{\nu}<0.340$ eV within a flat$\Lambda$CDM background, and $\Sigma m_{\nu}<0.821$ eV, assuming a more generalbackground cosmological model. The number of neutrino species is measured to be$N_{\rm eff}=4.308\pm0.794$ and $N_{\rm eff}=4.032^{+0.870}_{-0.894}$ for thesetwo cases respectively. We study and quantify the effect of several factors onthe neutrino measurements, including the galaxy power spectrum bias model, theeffect of redshift-space distortion, the cutoff scale of the power spectrum,and the choice of additional data. The impact of neutrinos with unknown masseson other cosmological parameter measurements is investigated. The fractionalmatter density and the Hubble parameter are measured to be$\Omega_M=0.2796\pm0.0097$, $H_0=69.72^{+0.90}_{-0.91}$ km/s/Mpc (flat$\Lambda$CDM) and $\Omega_M=0.2798^{+0.0132}_{-0.0136}$,$H_0=73.78^{+3.16}_{-3.17}$ km/s/Mpc (more general background model). Based ona Chevallier-Polarski-Linder (CPL) parametrisation of the equation-of-state $w$of dark energy, we find that $w=-1$ is consistent with observations, evenallowing for neutrinos. Similarly, the curvature \Omega_K and the running ofthe spectral index $\alpha_s$ are both consistent with zero. Thetensor-to-scaler ratio is constrained down to $r<0.198$ (95 percent CL, flat$\Lambda$ CDM) and $r<0.440$ (95 percent CL, more general background model).

monthly notices of the royal astronomical society

The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation  Spectroscopic Survey: weighing the neutrino mass using the galaxy power  spectrum of the CMASS sample