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We perform a joint fit to differential number counts from Spitzer's MIPS andHerschel's SPIRE instruments, and angular power spectra of cosmic infraredbackground (CIB) anisotropies from SPIRE, Planck, the Atacama CosmologyTelescope, and the South Pole Telescope, which together span 220 < \nu / GHz <4300 (70 < \lambda / \mu m < 1400). We simultaneously constrain the dustluminosity function, thermal dust spectral energy distribution (SED) andclustering properties of CIB sources, and the evolution of these quantitiesover cosmic time. We find that the data strongly require redshift evolution inthe thermal dust SED. In our adopted parametrization, this evolution takes theform of an increase in graybody dust temperature at high redshift, but it mayalso be related to a temperature - dust luminosity correlation or evolution indust opacity. The counts and spectra together constrain the evolution of thethermal dust luminosity function up to z ~ 2.5-3, complementing approachesrelying on rest-frame mid-infrared observations of the rarest bright objects.We are able to fit the power spectra without requiring a complex halo modelapproach, and show that neglecting scale-dependent halo bias may be impairinganalyses that do use this framework.

Constraining thermal dust emission in distant galaxies with number counts and angular power spectra