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Observations of the Earth as a planet using the earthshine technique (i.e.looking at the light reflected from the darkside of the Moon), have been usedfor climate and astrobiology studies. They provide information about theplanetary albedo, a fundamental parameter of the Earth's energy balance. Herewe present for the first time, observations of the earthshine taken at highspectral resolution. The high spectral resolution was chosen in order toinvestigate the possibility of detecting metallic layers in the Earth'satmosphere of geological or meteoritic origin. The SARG echelle spectrograph atthe Telescopio Nazionale Galileo in La Palma was used to acquire the earthshinedata. Observations were carried out on several nights in February 2011, withthe spectral resolution set at 29,000, covering a spectral range from thenear-ultraviolet (360 nm) to near-infrared (1011.9 nm). While we find evidencefor the detection of a Na layer in the earthshine, other atomic species are notdetected, perhaps due to the low signal-to-noise ratio of the observations andthe difficult telluric corrections. The Na layer is found to vary betweenobservation dates, which we speculate is due to physical variations inmesospheric Na concentrations.

Earthshine observations at high spectral resolution: Exploring and detecting metal lines in the Earth's upper atmosphere