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SCUBA-2 is a 10000-bolometer submillimetre camera on the James Clerk MaxwellTelescope (JCMT). The instrument commissioning was completed in September 2011,and full science operations began in October 2011. To harness the fullpotential of this powerful new astronomical tool, the instrument calibrationmust be accurate and well understood. To this end, the algorithms forcalculating the line-of-sight opacity have been improved, and the derivedatmospheric extinction relationships at both wavebands of the SCUBA-2instrument are presented. The results from over 500 primary and secondarycalibrator observations have allowed accurate determination of the fluxconversion factors (FCF) for the 850 and 450 micron arrays. Descriptions of theinstrument beam-shape and photometry methods are presented. The calibrationfactors are well determined, with relative calibration accuracy better than 5per cent at 850 microns and 10 per cent at 450 microns, reflecting the successof the derived opacity relations as well as the stability of the performance ofthe instrument over several months. The sample-size of the calibrationobservations and accurate FCFs have allowed the determination of the 850 and450 micron fluxes of several well-known submillimetre sources, and theseresults are compared with previous measurements from SCUBA.

SCUBA-2: on-sky calibration using submillimetre standard sources