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A numerical scheme is described for including radiation in multi-dimensionalgeneral-relativistic conservative fluid dynamics codes. In this method, acovariant form of the M1 closure scheme is used to close the radiation moments,and the radiative source terms are treated semi-implicitly in order to handleboth optically thin and optically thick regimes. The scheme has beenimplemented in a conservative general relativistic radiation hydrodynamics codeKORAL. The robustness of the code is demonstrated on a number of test problems,including radiative relativistic shock tubes, static radiation pressuresupported atmosphere, shadows, beams of light in curved spacetime, andradiative Bondi accretion. The advantages of M1 closure relative to otherapproaches such as Eddington closure and flux-limited diffusion are discussed,and its limitations are also highlighted.

Semi-implicit scheme for treating radiation under M1 closure in general relativistic conservative fluid dynamics codes