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Supermassive black holes (BH) are powerful sources of energy that are alreadyin place at very early epochs of the Universe (by z=6). Using hydrodynamicalsimulations of the formation of a massive M_vir=5 10^11 M_sun halo by z=6 (themost massive progenitor of a cluster of M_vir=2 10^15 M_sun at z=0), weevaluate the impact of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) on galaxy mass content, BHself-regulation, and gas distribution inside this massive halo. We find that SNfeedback has a marginal influence on the stellar structure, and no influence onthe mass distribution on large scales. In contrast, AGN feedback alone is ableto significantly alter the stellar-bulge mass content by quenching starformation when the BH is self-regulating, and by depleting the cold gasreservoir in the centre of the galaxy. The growth of the BH proceeds first by arapid Eddington-limited period fed by direct cold filamentary infall. When theenergy delivered by the AGN is sufficiently large to unbind the cold gas of thebulge, the accretion of gas onto the BH is maintained both by smooth gas inflowand clump migration through the galactic disc triggered by merger-inducedtorques. The feedback from the AGN has also a severe consequence on the baryonmass content within the halo, producing large-scale hot superwinds, able toblow away some of the cold filamentary material from the centre and reduce thebaryon fraction by more than 30 per cent within the halo's virial radius. Thusin the very young universe, AGN feedback is likely to be a key process, shapingthe properties of the most massive galaxies.

Blowing cold flows away: the impact of early AGN activity on the formation of a brightest cluster galaxy progenitor