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Observations of the 21cm line of neutral hydrogen are poised to revolutionizeour knowledge of cosmic reionization and the high-redshift population ofgalaxies. However, harnessing such information requires robust andcomprehensive theoretical modeling. We study the non-linear effects ofhydrodynamics and astrophysical feedback processes, including stellar and AGNfeedback, on the 21cm signal by post-processing three existing cosmologicalhydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation: Illustris, IllustrisTNG, andEagle. Overall and despite their different underlying galaxy-formation models,the three simulations return similar predictions for the global 21cm rightnesstemperature and its power spectrum. At fixed redshift, most differences areattributable to differences in the history of reionization, in turn driven bydifferences in the build-up of stellar sources of radiation. However, theimpact of astrophysics is imprinted in the 21cm power spectrum through severalunique signatures. First, we find significant small scale ($k \geq 10\, \rm{Mpc}^{-1}$) differences between Illustris and IllustrisTNG, where highervelocity winds generated by supernova feedback soften density peaks and lead tolower 21cm power in TNG. Second, we find more 21cm power at intermediate scales($k \approx 0.8\, \rm {Mpc}^{-1}$) in Eagle, due to differences in ionizationdriven by highly effective stellar feedback, leading to lower star formation,older and redder stellar populations, and thus lower ionizing luminosities.Though subtle, these features could allow future observations of the 21cmsignal, in conjunction with other reionization observables, to constraintheoretical models for galactic feedback at high redshift.

The signature of galaxy formation models in the power spectrum of the hydrogen 21cm line during reionization