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We present a photometric variability survey of young planetary-mass objectsusing the New Technology Telescope in the Js and Ks bands. Surface gravityplays an important role in the atmospheric structure of brown dwarfs, as younglow gravity L dwarfs have a higher variability rate than field L dwarfs. Inthis study, we extend variability studies to young T-type planetary-massobjects and investigate the effects of surface gravity on the variability of Land T dwarfs across a large sample. We conduct continuous monitoring for 18objects with spectral types from L5 to T8 and detect four new variables and twovariable candidates. Combining with previous variability surveys of field andyoung L and T objects, we find that young objects tend to be more variable thanfield objects within peak-to-peak variability amplitude ranges of 0.5-10 percent and period ranges of 1.5-20 hr. For the first time, we constrain thevariability rate of young T dwarfs to be 56 per cent compared to 25 per centfor field T dwarfs. Both field and young samples have higher variability ratesat the L/T transition than outside the L/T transition. The differences in thevariability rates between field and young samples are about 1 sigma andtherefore larger sample sizes are needed to confirm and refine the results.Besides the L/T transition, young L dwarfs with strong variability tend toassemble in a narrow spectral type range of L6-L7.5. This work supports thecritical role of surface gravity on the atmospheric structure from L to Tspectral types.

A Near-infrared Variability Survey of Young Planetary-mass Objects