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Short Gamma-Ray Bursts (SGRBs) are produced by the coalescence of compactbinary systems which are remnants of massive stars. GRB 160410A is classifiedas a short-duration GRB with extended emission and is currently the farthestSGRB with a redshift determined from an afterglow spectrum and also one of thebrightest SGRBs to date. The fast reaction to the Neil Gehrels SwiftObservatory alert allowed us to obtain a spectrum of the afterglow using theX-shooter spectrograph at the Very Large Telescope (VLT). The spectrum showsseveral absorption features at a redshift of z=1.7177, in addition, we detecttwo intervening systems at z=1.581 and z=1.444. The spectrum shows ly-alpha inabsorption with a column density of log N(HI)=21.2+/-0.2 cm$^{-2}$ which,together with FeII, CII, SiII, AlII and OI, allow us to perform the first studyof chemical abundances in a SGRB host galaxy. We determine a metallicity of[X/H]=-2.3+/-0.2 for FeII and -2.5+/-0.2 for SiII and no dust depletion. Wealso find no evidence for extinction in the afterglow spectral energydistribution (SED) modeling. The environment has a low degree of ionisation andthe CIV and SiIV lines are completely absent. We do not detect an underlyinghost galaxy down to deep limits. Additionally, we compare GRB 160410A to GRB201221D, another high-z short GRB that shows absorption lines at z=1.045 and anunderlying massive host galaxy.

GRB 160410A: the first Chemical Study of the Interstellar Medium of a Short GRB