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Submillimetre galaxies represent a rapid growth phase of both star formationand massive galaxies. Mapping SMGs in galaxy protoclusters provides keyinsights into where and how these extreme starbursts take place in connectionswith the assembly of the large-scale structure in the early Universe. We searchfor SMGs at 850$\,\mu m$ using JCMT/SCUBA-2 in two massive protoclusters at$z=2.24$, BOSS1244 and BOSS1542, and detect 43 and 54 sources with$S_{850}>4\,$mJy at the $4\sigma$ level within an effective area of264$\,$arcmin$^2$, respectively. We construct the intrinsic number counts andfind that the abundance of SMGs is $2.0\pm0.3$ and $2.1\pm0.2$ times that ofthe general fields, confirming that BOSS1244 and BOSS1542 contain a higherfraction of dusty galaxies with strongly enhanced star formation. The volumedensities of the SMGs are estimated to be $\sim15-$30 times the average,significantly higher than the overdensity factor ($\sim 6$) traced by H$\alpha$emission-line galaxies (HAEs). More importantly, we discover a prominent offsetbetween the spatial distributions of the two populations in these twoprotoclusters -- SMGs are mostly located around the high-density regions ofHAEs, and few are seen inside these regions. This finding may have revealed forthe first time the occurrence of violent star formation enhancement in theoutskirts of the HAE density peaks, likely driven by the boosting of gassupplies and/or starburst triggering events. Meanwhile, the lack of SMGs insidethe most overdense regions at $z\sim2$ implies a transition to the environmentdisfavouring extreme starbursts.

monthly notices of the royal astronomical society

Submillimetre galaxies in two massive protoclusters at z = 2.24:  witnessing the enrichment of extreme starbursts in the outskirts of HAE  density peaks