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We present a comprehensive study of the gas kinematics associated withdensity structures at different spatial scales in the filamentary infrared darkcloud, G034.43+00.24 (G34). This study makes use of the H13CO+ (1-0) molecularline data from the ALMA Three-millimeter Observations of Massive Star-formingregions (ATOMS) survey, which has spatial and velocity resolution of 0.04 pcand 0.2 km/s, respectively. Several tens of dendrogram structures have beenextracted in the position-position-velocity space of H13CO+, which include 21small-scale leaves and 20 larger-scale branches. Overall, their gas motions aresupersonic but they exhibit the interesting behavior where leaves tend to beless dynamically supersonic than the branches. For the larger-scale, branchstructures, the observed velocity-size relation (i.e., velocityvariation/dispersion versus size) are seen to follow the Larson scalingexponent while the smaller-scale, leaf structures show a systematic deviationand display a steeper slope. We argue that the origin of the observedkinematics of the branch structures is likely to be a combination of turbulenceand gravity-driven ordered gas flows. In comparison, gravity-driven chaotic gasmotion is likely at the level of small-scale leaf structures. The resultspresented in our previous paper and this current follow-up study suggest thatthe main driving mechanism for mass accretion/inflow observed in G34 varies atdifferent spatial scales. We therefore conclude that a scale-dependent combinedeffect of turbulence and gravity is essential to explain the star-formationprocesses in G34.

monthly notices of the royal astronomical society

ATOMS: ALMA Three-millimeter Observations of Massive Star-forming  regions-IX. A pilot study towards IRDC G034.43+00.24 on multi-scale  structures and gas kinematics