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Understanding effects driven by rotation in the solar convection zone isessential for many problems related to solar activity, such as the formation ofdifferential rotation, meridional circulation, and others. We analyze realistic3D radiative hydrodynamics simulations of solar subsurface dynamics in thepresence of rotation in a local domain 80 Mm wide and 25 Mm deep, located at 30degrees latitude. The simulation results reveal the development of a shallow10-Mm deep substructure of the Near-Surface Shear Layer (NSSL), characterizedby a strong radial rotational gradient and self-organized meridional flows.This shallow layer ("leptocline") is located in the hydrogen ionization zoneassociated with enhanced anisotropic overshooting-type flows into a lessunstable layer between the H and HeII ionization zones. We discuss currentobservational evidence of the presence of the leptocline and show that theradial variations of the differential rotation and meridional flow profilesobtained from the simulations in this layer qualitatively agree withhelioseismic observations.

Leptocline as a Shallow Substructure of Near-Surface Shear Layer in 3D Radiative Hydrodynamic Simulations