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The Cherenkov Telescope Array will provide the deepest survey of the GalacticPlane performed at very-high-energy gamma-rays. Consequently, this survey willunavoidably face the challenge of source confusion, i.e., the non-uniqueattribution of signal to a source due to multiple overlapping sources. Amongthe known populations of Galactic gamma-ray sources and given their extensionand number, pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe, and PWN TeV halos) will be the mostaffected. We aim to probe source confusion of TeV PWNe in forthcoming CTA data.For this purpose, we performed and analyzed simulations of artificiallyconfused PWNe with CTA. As a basis for our simulations, we applied our study toTeV data collected from the H.E.S.S. Galactic Plane Survey for ten extended andtwo point-like firmly identified PWNe, probing various configurations of sourceconfusion involving different projected separations, relative orientations,flux levels, and extensions among sources. Source confusion, defined here toappear when the sum of the Gaussian width of two sources is larger than theseparation between their centroids, occurred in $\sim$30% of the simulations.For this sample and 0.5$\deg$ of average separation between sources, we foundthat CTA can likely resolve up to 60% of those confused sources above 500 GeV.Finally, we also considered simulations of isolated extended sources to see howwell they could be matched to a library of morphological templates. The outcomeof the simulations indicates a remarkable capability (more than 95% of thecases studied) to match a simulation with the correct input template in itsproper orientation.

Testing source confusion and identification capability in Cherenkov Telescope Array data