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In this first paper in a series we present a study of the global dustemission distribution in nearby edge-on spiral galaxies. Our sample consists of16 angularly large and 13 less spatially resolved galaxies selected from theDustPedia sample. To explore the dust emission distribution, we exploit theHerschel photometry in the range 100-500 $\mu$m. We employ S\'ersic andthree-dimensional disc models to fit the observed two-dimensional profiles ofthe galaxies. Both approaches give similar results. Our analysis unequivocallystates the case for the presence of extraplanar dust in between 6 to 10 largegalaxies. The results reveal that both the disc scale length and heightincrease as a function of wavelength between 100 and 500 $\mu$m. The dust discscale height positively correlates with the dust disc scale length, similar towhat is observed for the stellar discs. We also find correlations between thescale lengths and scale heights in the near- and far-infrared which suggestthat the stellar discs and their dust counterparts are tightly connected.Furthermore, the intrinsic flattening of the dust disc is inverselyproportional to the maximum rotation velocity and the dust mass of the galaxy:more massive spiral galaxies host, on average, relatively thinner dust discs.Also, there is a tendency for the dust-to-stellar scale height ratio todecrease with the dust mass and rotation velocity. We conclude that low-massspiral galaxies host a diffuse, puffed-up dust disc with a thickness similar tothat of the stellar disc.

The distribution of dust in edge-on galaxies: I. The global structure