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We measure the small-scale clustering of the Data Release 16 extended BaryonOscillation Spectroscopic Survey Luminous Red Galaxy sample, corrected forfibre-collisions using Pairwise Inverse Probability weights, which giveunbiased clustering measurements on all scales. We fit to the monopole andquadrupole moments and to the projected correlation function over theseparation range $7-60\,h^{-1}$Mpc with a model based on the Aemuluscosmological emulator to measure the growth rate of cosmic structure,parameterized by $f\sigma_8$. We obtain a measurement of$f\sigma_8(z=0.737)=0.408\pm0.038$, which is $1.4\sigma$ lower than the valueexpected from 2018 Planck data for a flat $\Lambda$CDM model, and is moreconsistent with recent weak-lensing measurements. The level of precisionachieved is 1.7 times better than more standard measurements made using onlythe large-scale modes of the same sample. We also fit to the data using thefull range of scales $0.1-60\,h^{-1}$Mpc modelled by the Aemulus cosmologicalemulator and find a $4.5\sigma$ tension in the amplitude of the halo velocityfield with the Planck+$\Lambda$CDM model, driven by a mismatch on thenon-linear scales. This may not be cosmological in origin, and could be due toa breakdown in the Halo Occupation Distribution model used in the emulator.Finally, we perform a robust analysis of possible sources of systematics,including the effects of redshift uncertainty and incompleteness due to targetselection that were not included in previous analyses fitting to clusteringmeasurements on small scales.

monthly notices of the royal astronomical society

The completed SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey:  measurement of the growth rate of structure from the small-scale clustering  of the luminous red galaxy sample