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We present the expected observational properties of a general relativisticinstability supernova (GRSN) from the 55,500 Msun primordial (Population III)star. Supermassive stars exceeding 1e4 Msun may exist in the early Universe.They are generally considered to collapse through the general relativisticinstability to be seed black holes to form supermassive (~ 1e9 Msun) blackholes observed as high-redshift quasars. Some of them, however, may explode asGRSNe if the explosive helium burning unbinds the supermassive stars followingthe collapse triggered by the general relativistic instability. We perform theradiation hydrodynamics simulation of the GRSN starting shortly before theshock breakout. We find that the GRSN is characterized by a long-lasting (550d) luminous (1.5e44 erg/s) plateau phase with the photospheric temperature ofaround 5000 K in the rest frame. The plateau phase lasts for decades when itappears at high redshifts and it will likely be observed as a persistent sourcein the future deep near-infrared imaging surveys. Especially, the near-infraredimages reaching 29 AB magnitude that can be obtained by Galaxy and ReionizationEXplorer (G-REX) and James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) allow us to identifyGRSNe up to z ~ 15. Deeper images enable us to discover GRSNe at even higherredshifts. Having extremely red color, they can be distinguished from otherpersistent sources such as high-redshift galaxies by using color information.We conclude that the deep near-infrared images are able to constrain theexistence of GRSNe from the primordial supermassive stars in the Universe evenwithout the time domain information.

Observational properties of a general relativistic instability supernova from a primordial supermassive star