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We post-process galaxies in the IllustrisTNG simulations with SKIRT radiativetransfer calculations to make predictions for the rest-frame near-infrared(NIR) and far-infrared (FIR) properties of galaxies at $z\geq 4$. Therest-frame $K$- and $z$-band galaxy luminosity functions from TNG are overallconsistent with observations, despite a $\sim 0.5\,\mathrm{dex}$underprediction at $z=4$ for $M_{\rm K}\lesssim -25$ and $M_{\rm z}\lesssim-24$. Predictions for the JWST MIRI observed galaxy luminosity functions andnumber counts are given. Based on theoretical estimations, we show that thenext-generation survey conducted by JWST can detect 500 (30) galaxies in F1000Win a survey area of $500\,{\rm arcmin}^{2}$ at $z=6$ ($z=8$). As opposed to theconsistency in the UV, optical and NIR, we find that TNG, combined with ourdust modelling choices, significantly underpredicts the abundance of mostdust-obscured and thus most luminous FIR galaxies. As a result, the obscuredcosmic star formation rate density (SFRD) and the SFRD contributed byoptical/NIR dark objects are underpredicted. The discrepancies discovered herecould provide new constraints on the sub-grid feedback models, or the dustcontents, of simulations. Meanwhile, although the TNG predicted dusttemperature and its relations with IR luminosity and redshift are qualitativelyconsistent with observations, the peak dust temperature of $z\geq 6$ galaxiesare overestimated by about $20\,{\rm K}$. This could be related to the limitedmass resolution of our simulations to fully resolve the porosity of theinterstellar medium (or specifically its dust content) at these redshifts.

monthly notices of the royal astronomical society

High redshift JWST predictions from IllustrisTNG: III. Infrared  luminosity functions, obscured star formation and dust temperature of  high-redshift galaxies