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More than 500 diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) have been observed inastronomical spectra, and their signatures and correlations in differentenvironments have been studied over the past decades to reveal clues about thenature of the carriers. We compare the equivalent widths of the DIBs,normalized to the amount of reddening, E_B-V, to search for anti-correlated DIBpairs using a data sample containing 54 DIBs measured in 25 sight lines. Thisdata sample covers most of the strong and commonly detected DIBs in the opticalregion, and the sight lines probe a variety of ISM conditions. We find that12.9% of the DIB pairs are anti-correlated, and the lowest Pearson correlationcoefficient is r_norm ~ -0.7. We revisit correlation-based DIB families and areable to reproduce the assignments of such families for the well-studied DIBs byapplying hierarchical agglomerative and k-means clustering algorithms. Wevisualize the dissimilarities between DIBs, represented by 1 - r_norm, usingmulti-dimensional scaling (MDS). With this representation, we find that theDIBs form a rather continuous sequence, which implies that some properties ofthe DIB carriers are changing gradually following this sequence. We also findat that least two factors are needed to properly explain the dissimilaritiesbetween DIBs. While the first factor may be interpreted as related to theionization properties of the DIB carriers, a physical interpretation of thesecond factor is less clear and may be related to how DIB carriers interactwith surrounding interstellar material.

Families and Clusters of Diffuse Interstellar Bands: a Data-Driven Correlation Analysis